ABSTRACT
Background: There is conflicting evidence with regards to the impact of supraphysiologic estradiol levels in in-vitro fertilisation-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI) cycles on pregnancy outcomes such as oocyte quality, implantation, and clinical pregnancy. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of serum estradiol levels on the day of ovulation trigger on pregnancy outcomes in IVF-ICSI cycles.Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study, which included eighty-three women who underwent IVF-ICSI and experienced fresh embryo transfer (ET) over one year period. The women included in the study were divided into four groups according to the serum estradiol level on the day of ovulation trigger; Group I: <2000pg/ml, Group II: 2000-3000pg/ml, Group III: 3000-4000pg/ml and Group IV: >4000pg/ml. The outcome measures including number of oocytes retrieved, MII (metaphase II) oocytes, fertilization rate, embryo quality, overall pregnancy rate, implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were compared among these four groups.Results: The total number of oocytes, MII oocytes as well as good quality embryos significantly increased from group 1 to group 4. The implantation rate was lowest in group 4 compared to all other groups, although not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in overall and clinical pregnancy rate between the groups.Conclusions: Serum estradiol level shows a positive correlation with the number of oocytes retrieved and good quality embryos. A higher estradiol level does not have a significant negative impact on the implantation rate, overall or clinical pregnancy rate.
ABSTRACT
Prevention of alveolar bone loss and maintenance of alveolar bone structure are mandatory for long-term stability of conventional or implant-supported complete dentures. Extraction of teeth may result in 40% to 60% alveolar bone loss in a period of two to three years. Several conditions, including aging, facial lines, unaesthetic dental restorations and loss of vertical dimension, are often accelerated by premature loss of facial bone. Bone maintenance is the procedure of preserving bone after tooth loss. Every attempt should be made at the time of tooth loss to preserve the height and width of the jawbone. An unsatisfactory ridge morphology may result from periodontal disease, trauma or endodontic complications. Consideration must be given, during tooth extraction, to the final shape of the alveolar ridge and overlying soft tissue and to the optimal esthetic and functional result of the final tooth replacement. Soft and hard tissue complications can lead to unsatisfactory results for the patient, including unacceptable tooth morphology, poor phonetics and lack of confidence in denture stability. These problems may be prevented at the diagnosis and consultation stage. This review mainly includes various conventional and advanced prosthodontic and surgical techniques to enhance the residual alveolar ridge preservation
Subject(s)
Risk Factors , Age Factors , Prosthodontics , Tooth Exfoliation/adverse effects , Dental High-Speed Technique , Osteogenesis, Distraction , Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported , Disease ManagementABSTRACT
Maxillofacial prosthesis are usually fabricated on the basis of conventional impressions and techniques. The extent to which the prosthesis reproduced normal facial morphology depends on the clinical judgement and skill of the individual fabricating the Prosthesis. Recently, as a result of advances in digitized imaging technology like Laser Surface digitizer with CAD/CAM, CT, MRI Sequence, and Rapid prototyping techniques have been successfully introduced for the automated fabrication of auricular prosthesis. To obtain design and fabrication of prosthesis replicas and molding technique for casting prosthetic parts with the new manufacturing approach shows reduced patient discomfort, minimal dependence on the artistic skills of the prosthestist short turn around times for the prosthesis can be expected